The preposition ПО + the accusative case ПО + the accusative case is used: ⚪️to denote the limit of an action or process, up to and including a point in space; this can refer to a part of the body Девочка вошла в воду по пояс. The girl waded into the water up to her waist. ⚪️to denote another spatial point Дома по окна в воде. Houses are in the water up to the windows. ⚪️to denote the purpose of an action as an equivalent ofthe preposition ЗА followed by the instrumental case (in folklore) идти по воду, по грибы, по ягоды (to go to fetch some water, to gather mushrooms, berries) Various idioms use this construction for instance: ✅занят по горло (up to one's eyes in work) ✅сыт по горло (fed up to the back teeth) ✅влюбился по уши (to fall madly in love) ✅по уши в долгах (up to the ears in debt) ✅Ему море по колено. He could not care less. ⚪️to refer to period up to and including a certain point in time Нина будет во Франции с пятнадцатого апреля по двадцать пятое мая. Nina will be in France from 15 April to 25 May (inclusive). У неё отпуск по пятое мая. She had a holiday up to fifth of May. ❗️But: Нина будет во Франции с 15 апреля до двадцать пятого мая (до + the genitive case means up to 25 May). Nina will be in France from 15 April up to 25 May. ⚪️to convey distributive meanings Мы выпили по две чашки чая. We drank two cups of tea each. Дети съели по три яблока. The children had three apples each. Маша говорит по телефону по два часа в день. Masha talks on the telephone two hours a day. ⚪️to indicate the distribution of objects in equal groups and to indicate a price. Ученики получили по три карандаша. The pupils got three pencils each. Нина купила четыре билета по пять долларов. Nina bought four tickets at five dollars each. За столами сидело по десять студентов. At each table sat ten students. Эту неделю мы работаем по 8 часов в день. This week we work 8 hours a day.